Information on the Admixed Metapopulation

The Admixed Metapopulation (Admixed) consists of 66,456 haplotypes (at least minimal) which were published in 56 population studies and were additionally submitted via personal communication (76 submissions) .

Most common haplotypes

• Minimal
• Y12
• Y17
• Y23
• Y27
• Ymax

Population studies

• Builes JJ., Bravo ML., Gómez C., Espinal C., Aguirre D., Gómez A., Rodríguez J., Castañeda P., Montoya A., Moreno M., Amorim A. and Gusmão L. (2006), 'Y-chromosome STRs in an Antioquian (Colombia) population sample.', Forensic Sci Int 164(1):79-86 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Gaviria AA., Ibarra AA., Palacio OD., Posada YC., Triana O., Ochoa LM., Acosta MA., Brión M., Lareu MV. and Carracedo A. (2005), 'Y-chromosome haplotype analysis in Antioquia (Colombia).', Forensic Sci Int 151(1):85-91 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Romero RE., Briceño I., Rdel L., Willuweit S., Roewer L. and Gómez A. (2008), 'A Colombian Caribbean population study of 16 Y-chromosome STR loci.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 2(2):e5-8 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Yunis JJ., Acevedo LE., Campo DS. and Yunis EJ. (2005), 'Population data of Y-STR minimal haplotypes in a sample of Caucasian-Mestizo and African descent individuals of Colombia.', Forensic Sci Int 151(2-3):307-13 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Leat N., Benjeddou M. and Davison S. (2004), 'Nine-locus Y-chromosome STR profiling of Caucasian and Xhosa populations from Cape Town, South Africa.', Forensic Sci Int 144(1):73-5 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Gutiérrez-Alarcón AB., Moguel-Torres M., León-Jiménez AK., Cuéllar-Nevárez GE. and Rangel-Villalobos H. (2007), 'Allele and haplotype distribution for 16 Y-STRs (AmpFlSTR Y-filer kit) in the state of Chihuahua at North Center of Mexico.', Leg Med (Tokyo) 9(3):154-7 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Kayser M., Brauer S., Schädlich H., Prinz M., Batzer MA., Zimmerman PA., Boatin BA. and Stoneking M. (2003), 'Y chromosome STR haplotypes and the genetic structure of U.S. populations of African, European, and Hispanic ancestry.', Genome Res 13(4):624-34 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Purps J., Siegert S., Willuweit S., Nagy M., Alves C., Salazar R., Angustia SM., Santos LH., Anslinger K., Bayer B., Ayub Q., Wei W., Xue Y., Tyler-Smith C., Bafalluy MB., Martínez-Jarreta B., Egyed B., Balitzki B., Tschumi S., Ballard D., Court DS., Barrantes X., Bäßler G., Wiest T., Berger B., Niederstätter H., Parson W., Davis C., Budowle B., Burri H., Borer U., Koller C., Carvalho EF., Domingues PM., Chamoun WT., Coble MD., Hill CR., Corach D., Caputo M., D'Amato ME., Davison S., Decorte R., Larmuseau MH., Ottoni C., Rickards O., Lu D., Jiang C., Dobosz T., Jonkisz A., Frank WE., Furac I., Gehrig C., Castella V., Grskovic B., Haas C., Wobst J., Hadzic G., Drobnic K., Honda K., Hou Y., Zhou D., Li Y., Hu S., Chen S., Immel UD., Lessig R., Jakovski Z., Ilievska T., Klann AE., García CC., Knijff D., Kraaijenbrink T., Kondili A., Miniati P., Vouropoulou M., Kovacevic L., Marjanovic D., Lindner I., Mansour I., Al-Azem M., Andari AE., Marino M., Furfuro S., Locarno L., Martín P., Luque GM., Alonso A., Miranda LS., Moreira H., Mizuno N., Iwashima Y., Neto RS., Nogueira TL., Silva R., Nastainczyk-Wulf M., Edelmann J., Kohl M., Nie S., Wang X., Cheng B., Núñez C., Pancorbo MM., Olofsson JK., Morling N., Onofri V., Tagliabracci A., Pamjav H., Volgyi A., Barany G., Pawlowski R., Maciejewska A., Pelotti S., Pepinski W., Abreu-Glowacka M., Phillips C., Cárdenas J., Rey-Gonzalez D., Salas A., Brisighelli F., Capelli C., Toscanini U., Piccinini A., Piglionica M., Baldassarra SL., Ploski R., Konarzewska M., Jastrzebska E., Robino C., Sajantila A., Palo JU., Guevara E., Salvador J., Ungria MC., Rodriguez JJ., Schmidt U., Schlauderer N., Saukko P., Schneider PM., Sirker M., Shin KJ., Oh YN., Skitsa I., Ampati A., Smith TG., Calvit LS., Stenzl V., Capal T., Tillmar A., Nilsson H., Turrina S., Leo D., Verzeletti A., Cortellini V., Wetton JH., Gwynne GM., Jobling MA., Whittle MR., Sumita DR., Wolańska-Nowak P., Yong RY., Krawczak M., Nothnagel M. and Roewer L. (2014), 'A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 12:12-23 [PubMed] [DOI]
• González-Andrade F., Roewer L., Willuweit S., Sánchez D. and Martínez-Jarreta B. (2009), 'Y-STR variation among ethnic groups from Ecuador: Mestizos, Kichwas, Afro-Ecuadorians and Waoranis.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 3(3):e83-91 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Lovo JS., Fondevila M., Salas A., Brión M., Lareu MV. and Carracedo A. (2004), 'Y-chromosome STR-haplotype typing in El Salvador.', Forensic Sci Int 142(1):45-9 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Monterrosa JC., Morales JA., Yurrebaso I., Gusmão L. and García O. (2010), 'Population data for 12 Y-chromosome STR loci in a sample from El Salvador.', Leg Med (Tokyo) 12(1):46-51 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Calderon S., Perez-Benedico D., Mesa L., Guyton D., Rowold DJ. and Herrera RJ. (2013), 'Phylogenetic and forensic studies of the Southeast Florida Hispanic population using the next-generation forensic PowerPlex Y23 STR marker system', Leg Med (Tokyo) 15(6):289-92 [DOI]
• Frank WE., Ellinger ER. and Krishack PA. (2006), 'Y chromosome STR haplotypes and allele frequencies in Illinois Caucasian, African American, and Hispanic males.', J Forensic Sci 51(5):1207-15 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Corach D., Risso F., Marino M., Penacino G. and Sala A. (2001), 'Routine Y-STR typing in forensic casework.', Forensic Sci Int 118(2-3):131-5 [PubMed]
• Marino M. and Furfuro S. (2010), 'Genetic population data of 12 Y-chromosome STRs loci in Mendoza population (Argentina).', Forensic Sci Int Genet 4(4):e89-93 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Luna-Vázquez A., Vilchis-Dorantes G., Aguilar-Ruiz MO., Bautista-Rivas A., Pérez-García A., Orea-Ochoa R., Villanueva-Hernández D., Muñoz-Valle JF. and Rangel-Villalobos H. (2008), 'Haplotype frequencies of the PowerPlex Y system in a Mexican-Mestizo population sample from Mexico City.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 2(1):e11-3 [PubMed] [DOI]
• López-Ramírez YL., Aguilar-Velázquez JA., López-Armenta M., Ruiz-Hernández M. and Rangel-Villalobos H. (2020), 'Paternal lineages and forensic parameters based on 23 Y-STRs (Powerplex® Y23) in Mestizo males from Mexico City', Int J Legal Med 134(1):199-202 [DOI]
• Nuñez C., Baeta M., Sosa C., Casalod Y., Ge J., Budowle B. and Martínez-Jarreta B. (2010), 'Reconstructing the population history of Nicaragua by means of mtDNA, Y-chromosome STRs, and autosomal STR markers.', Am J Phys Anthropol 143(4):591-600 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Iannacone GC., Tito RY., Lopez PW., Medina ME. and Lizarraga B. (2005), 'Y-chromosomal haplotypes for the PowerPlex Y for twelve STRs in a Peruvian population sample.', J Forensic Sci 50(1):239-42 [PubMed]
• Baeza C., Guzmán R., Tirado M., López-Parra AM., Rodríguez T., Mesa MS., Fernández E. and Arroyo-Pardo E. (2007), 'Population data for 15 Y-chromosome STRs in a population sample from Quito (Ecuador).', Forensic Sci Int 173(2-3):214-9 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Villaescusa P., Seidel M., Nothnagel M., Pinotti T., González-Andrade F., Alvarez-Gila O., dePancorbo MM. and Roewer L. (2021), 'A Y-chromosomal survey of Ecuador’s multi-ethnic population reveals new insights into the tri-partite population structure and supports an early Holocene age of the rare Native American founder lineage C3-MPB373', For Sci Int Genet 51:102427 [DOI]
• Góis CC., Martins JA., Pereira GA., Freschi A., Paneto GG., Alvarenga VL., Cicarelli RM., Hirata MH. and Oliveira RN. (2008), 'Genetic population data of 12 STR loci of the PowerPlex Y system in the state of São Paulo population (Southeast of Brazil).', Forensic Sci Int 174(1):81-6 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Budowle B., Ge J., Aranda XG., Planz JV., Eisenberg AJ. and Chakraborty R. (2009), 'Texas population substructure and its impact on estimating the rarity of Y STR haplotypes from DNA evidence*.', J Forensic Sci 54(5):1016-21 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Steffen CR., Huszar TI., Borsuk LA., Vallone PM. and Gettings KB. (2022), 'A multi-dimensional evaluation of the ‘NIST 1032’ sample set across four forensic Y-STR multiplexes', For Sci Int Genet 57:102655 [DOI]
• Pignone ML., Manzella AM., Galusha M., Le J. and Moreno LI. (2022), 'Y-STR Sample Haplotypes From Five United States of America Population Groups', Forensic Science International: Reports 100274:In press [DOI]
• Wolfgramm-Ede V., Silva BC., Aguiar VR., Malta FS., Castro D., Ferreira AC., Prezoti AN., Paula D. and Louro ID. (2011), 'Genetic analysis of 15 autosomal and 12 Y-STR loci in the Espirito Santo State population, Brazil.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 5(3):e41-3 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Jannuzzi J., Ribeiro J., Alho C., Oliveira D., Cicarelli R., Dutra S., Ferreira S., Fridman C., Gomes V., Loiola S., Mota D., Â RDS., Souza D., Sousa D., Carvalho EF. and Gusmão L. (2020), 'Male lineages in Brazilian populations and performance of haplogroup prediction tools.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 44:102163 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Salazar-Flores J., Dondiego-Aldape R., Rubi-Castellanos R., Anaya-Palafox M., Nuño-Arana I., Canseco-Avila LM., Flores-Flores G., Morales-Vallejo ME., Barojas-Pérez N., Muñoz-Valle JF., Campos-Gutiérrez R. and Rangel-Villalobos H. (2010), 'Population structure and paternal admixture landscape on present-day Mexican-Mestizos revealed by Y-STR haplotypes.', Am J Hum Biol 22(3):401-9 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Palha T., Ribeiro-Rodrigues E., Ribeiro-dos-Santos A. and Santos S. (2012), 'Fourteen short tandem repeat loci Y chromosome haplotypes: Genetic analysis in populations from northern Brazil.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 6(3):413-8 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Ambrosio IB., Braganholi DF., Orlando LBM., Andrekenas NC., Mota D., Silva D., Astolfi-Filho S., Carvalho D., Cicarelli RMB. and Gusmão L. (2020), 'Mutational data and population profiling of 23 Y-STRs in three Brazilian populations', For Sci Int Genet 48:102348 [DOI]
• Nascimento E., Cerqueira E., Azevedo E., Freitas V. and Azevedo D. (2009), 'The Africa male lineages of Bahia's people—Northeast Brazil: A preliminary SNPs study', Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplement Series 2:349-50
• Martínez-González LJ., Saiz M., Alvarez-Cubero MJ., Gómez-Martín A., Alvarez JC., Martínez-Labarga C. and Lorente JA. (2012), 'Distribution of Y chromosomal STRs loci in Mayan and Mestizo populations from Guatemala.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 6(1):136-42 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Fonseca L., Henrique C. and Soares R. (2019), '17 Y-STR haplotype diversity in São Paulo state (southeast of Brazil)', Int J Legal Med 133, Issue 1, pp 81–83(1):81-83 [Link] [DOI]
• Matamoros M., Yurrebaso I., Gusmão L. and García O. (2009), 'Population data for 12 Y-chromosome STR loci in a sample from Honduras.', Leg Med (Tokyo) 11(5):251-5 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Chemale G., Freitas D., Badaraco JL., Ldos R., Martins JA., Martins AD., Jacques GS. and Paranaíba D. (2014), 'Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in a sample from Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 9:e3-4 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Barra GB., Chianca CF., Rita S., Velasco LF. and Souza D. (2014), 'Haplotype diversity of 23 Y-chromosomal STRs in a population sample from the Federal District (Brazil)--a territory that arose from nothing.', Int J Legal Med 128:945-7 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Simms TM., Wright MR., Martinez E., Regueiro M., McCartney Q. and Herrera RJ. (2013), 'Y-STR diversity and sex-biased gene flow among Caribbean populations', Gene 516(1):82-92 [DOI]
• Rêgo GE., Monte SM., Moura-Neto D. and Oliveira D. (2014), 'Allele frequencies and population data for 17 Y-STR loci in Paraiba population, Brazil.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 13:e18-9 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Gaviria A., Sánchez ME., Morejón G., Vela M., Aguirre V., Burgos G., Zambrano AK., Leone PE. and Paz-y-Mino C. (2013), 'Characterization and Haplotype analysis of 11 Y-STR loci in Ecuadorianpopulation', Forensic Science International: Genetics Supplementary Series 4(1):e310–e311 [DOI]
• Flores S., Sun J., King J., Eisenberg A. and Budowle B. (2015), 'Allele frequencies for 15 autosomal STR loci and haplotype data for 17 Y-STR loci in a population from Belize', Int J Legal Med 129(6):1217-8 [DOI]
• Parolin ML., Tamburrini C., Real LE. and Basso NG. (2019), 'Population genetic analysis of 23 Y-STR loci in Central Argentine Patagonia', Int J Legal Med 133(3):777-9 [DOI]
• Toscanini U., Brisighelli F., Moreno F., Pantoja-Astudillo JA., Morales EA., Bustos P., Pardo-Seco J. and Salas A. (2016), 'Analysis of Y-chromosome STRs in Chile confirms an extensive introgression of European male lineages in urban populations.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 21:76-80 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Romero JK., Bittencourt EA., Soares-Vieira JA., Pacheco AC., Soares AL. and Iwamura ESM. (2021), 'Systematic STR analysis of old post-vasectomy seminal fluid stains to examine evidence stored for 16 years.', Sci Rep 11(1):8918 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Ramos-González B., Alonso J., De M., Del M., Alfaro-Lopez E. and Rangel-Villalobos H. (2017), 'Genetic population data of three Y-STR genetic systems in Mexican-Mestizos from Monterrey, Nuevo León (Northeast, Mexico)', Forensic Science International Genetics 29:e21-22 [Link] [DOI]
• Kimelberg HK. (1975), 'Alterations in phospholipid-dependent (Na+ +K+)-ATPase activity due to lipid fluidity. Effects of cholesterol and Mg2+.', Biochim Biophys Acta 413(1):143-56 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Ribeiro J., Romero M., Simão F., Paula A., Quiroz A., Machado P., Velázquez V., Fagundes E., Vullo C. and Gusmão L. (2018), 'Analysis of 23 Y-STRs in a population sample from eastern Paraguay', For Sci Intl Genetics 37:e20-e22 [Link] [DOI]
• Morales LAA., Casas-Vargas A., Castro MR., Resque R., Ribeiro-dos-Santos AK., Santos S., Gusmão L. and Usaque´n W. (2018), 'Paternal portrait of populations of the middle Magdalena River region (Tolima and Huila, Colombia): New insights on the peopling of Central America and northernmost South America', PLoS ONE 13(11):e0207130 [DOI]
• Stange VS., Silva R., Mariano F., Lima M., Mayumi C., De F., De E., Madeira A., Drumond I. and Gusmão L. (2019), 'Stratification among European descent and admixed Brazilian populations of Espírito Santo for 27 Y-STRs', For Sci Int Genet 41:e20-e22 [DOI]
• Reid KM. and Heathfield LJ. (2020), 'Allele frequency data for 23 Y-chromosome short tandem repeats (STRs) for the South African population', For Sci Int Genet 46:102270 [DOI]
• Tamburrini C., Saint D., Bravi CM., Bailliet G., Medina J., Velázquez IF., Real LE., Holley A., Tedeschi CM., Basso NG. and Parolin ML. (2022), 'Uniparental origins of the admixed Argentine Patagonia', Am J Hum Biol. 34(4):e23682 [DOI]
• Xu H., Wang CC., Shrestha R., Wang LX., Zhang M., He Y., Kidd JR., Kidd KK., Jin L. and Li H. (2015), 'Inferring population structure and demographic history using Y‐STR data from worldwide populations', Mol Genet Genomics 290(1):141-50 [DOI]
• Frank WE., Ralph HC. and Tahir MA. (2008), 'Y chromosome STR haplotypes and allele frequencies in a southern Indian male population.', J Forensic Sci 53(1):248-51 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Ge J., Budowle B., Planz JV., Eisenberg AJ., Ballantyne J. and Chakraborty R. (2010), 'US forensic Y-chromosome short tandem repeats database.', Leg Med (Tokyo) 12(6):289-95 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Valverde L., Rosique M., Köhnemann S., Cardoso S., García A., Odriozola A., Aznar JM., Celorrio D., Schuerenkamp M., Zubizarreta J., Davis MC., Hampikian G., Pfeiffer H. and Pancorbo D. (2012), 'Y-STR variation in the Basque diaspora in the Western USA: evolutionary and forensic perspectives.', Int J Legal Med 126(2):293-8 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Bolnick DA., Bolnick DI. and Smith DG. (2006), 'Asymmetric male and female genetic histories among Native Americans from Eastern North America.', Mol Biol Evol 23(11):2161-74 [PubMed] [DOI]
• Davis C., Ge J., Chidambaram A., King J., Turnbough M., Collins M., Dym O., Chakraborty R., Eisenberg AJ. and Budowle B. (2011), 'Y-STR loci diversity in native Alaskan populations.', Int J Legal Med 125(4):559-63 [PubMed] [DOI]

Personal communications