Information on the East Asian - Austro-Asiatic Metapopulation

The Austro-Asiatic Metapopulation (East Asian - Austro-Asiatic) consists of 5,029 haplotypes (at least minimal) which were published in 20 population studies and were additionally submitted via personal communication (5 submissions) .

Most common haplotypes

Count DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS385
117 15 12 29 23 10 13 12 12,17
93 17 12 28 24 10 13 12 13,22
70 15 13 29 24 10 11 15 11,11
61 15 13 29 25 11 14 14 15,19
52 17 11 27 24 10 13 12 13,21
50 17 12 28 24 10 13 12 13,21
48 14 12 30 24 10 11 13 15,15
47 17 12 29 24 10 13 12 13,21
38 14 12 29 24 10 11 13 15,15
37 16 12 28 24 10 13 12 13,22
Count DYS391 DYS389I DYS439 DYS389II DYS438 DYS437 DYS19 DYS392 DYS393 DYS390 DYS385
105 10 12 11 29 9 15 15 13 12 23 12,17
78 10 12 11 28 10 15 17 13 12 24 13,22
64 10 13 11 29 10 14 15 11 15 24 11,11
53 11 13 12 29 10 14 15 14 14 25 15,19
47 10 11 11 27 10 15 17 13 12 24 13,21
41 10 12 10 29 10 15 17 13 12 24 13,21
39 10 12 11 28 10 15 17 13 12 24 13,21
36 10 12 11 30 11 15 14 11 13 24 15,15
34 10 12 11 28 10 15 16 13 12 24 13,22
33 10 12 11 29 11 15 14 11 13 24 15,15
Count DYS456 DYS389I DYS390 DYS389II DYS458 DYS19 DYS385 DYS393 DYS391 DYS439 DYS635 DYS392 YGATAH4 DYS437 DYS438 DYS448
44 16 13 25 29 16 15 15,19 14 11 12 20 14 11 14 10 18
25 15 13 24 29 15 15 11,11 15 10 11 22 11 11 14 10 21
24 15 11 24 27 19 17 13,21 12 10 11 23 13 12 15 10 20
21 15 12 23 29 15 15 12,17 12 10 11 22 13 12 15 9 19
21 15 12 23 29 15 15 12,17 12 10 11 22 13 13 15 9 19
21 15 12 24 28 19 17 13,22 12 10 11 23 13 12 15 10 20
21 15 13 24 29 15 15 11,11 15 10 11 21 11 11 14 10 21
20 14 12 24 30 16 14 15,15 13 10 11 19 11 12 15 11 19
19 14 12 24 29 16 14 15,15 13 10 11 19 11 12 15 11 19
14 15 12 23 29 15 15 12,17 12 10 11 21 13 13 15 9 19
Count DYS576 DYS389I DYS448 DYS389II DYS19 DYS391 DYS481 DYS549 DYS533 DYS438 DYS437 DYS570 DYS635 DYS390 DYS439 DYS392 DYS643 DYS393 DYS458 DYS385 DYS456 YGATAH4
37 17 13 18 29 15 11 23 12 10 10 14 17 20 25 12 14 12 14 16 15,19 16 11
10 17 12 19 29 15 10 27 13 12 9 15 14 22 23 11 13 11 12 15 12,17 15 12
10 17 12 19 29 15 10 27 14 12 9 15 14 21 23 11 13 11 12 15 12,17 15 13
9 17 12 19 29 15 10 27 14 12 9 15 14 22 23 11 13 11 12 15 12,17 15 13
8 17 12 19 29 15 10 27 14 12 9 15 14 21 23 11 13 10 12 15 10,17 15 14
8 17 12 19 29 15 10 27 14 12 9 15 14 22 23 11 13 11 12 15 12,17 15 12
6 17 13 21 29 15 10 25 12 12 10 14 17 22 24 11 11 8 15 15 11,11 15 11
6 18 13 21 29 15 10 25 12 12 10 14 17 22 24 11 11 8 15 15 11,11 15 11
6 18 14 19 30 14 11 22 12 13 12 14 18 24 23 13 14 10 13 16 11,14 16 12
5 17 12 19 29 15 10 28 14 13 9 15 14 22 23 12 13 11 12 16 12,17 15 14
Count DYS576 DYS389I DYS635 DYS389II DYS627 DYS460 DYS458 DYS19 YGATAH4 DYS448 DYS391 DYS456 DYS390 DYS438 DYS392 DYS518 DYS570 DYS437 DYS385 DYS449 DYS393 DYS439 DYS481 DYF387S1 DYS533
4 16 12 20 29 22 10 15 15 12 17 10 15 23 10 14 37 17 14 13,13 30 13 12 26 35,39 11
3 15 12 21 29 22 11 15 15 12 19 10 16 23 10 14 37 19 15 13,13 30 13 12 24 37,39 12
3 18 12 19 30 21 11 15 14 12 19 10 14 24 11 11 37 19 15 15,15 25 13 11 26 36,39 12
3 19 12 21 28 21 10 19 16 12 19 10 14 25 10 13 39 18 14 12,20 30 12 11 26 36,37 11
3 19 13 23 29 21 9 19 16 12 20 10 15 24 10 13 38 19 15 13,21 33 12 11 22 36,40 11
2 14 12 21 29 22 11 15 15 13 18 10 15 23 10 14 37 18 14 12,13 29 13 13 25 37,39 12
2 16 12 20 28 22 11 17 15 12 18 10 15 24 10 14 35 18 14 13,13 30 13 12 23 35,39 11
2 16 12 21 28 22 11 15 15 12 17 10 16 23 10 14 37 19 14 13,13 29 13 11 27 37,39 12
2 16 12 21 29 20 11 15 15 12 18 10 15 23 10 14 38 19 14 14,15 30 13 12 25 38,40 12
2 16 12 22 28 21 10 19 14 12 18 11 15 24 11 14 36 17 15 13,18 34 12 12 24 35,38 11
Count DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS385 DYS439 DYS438 DYS437 DYS456 DYS458 DYS635 YGATAH4 DYS448 DYS576 DYS481 DYS549 DYS533 DYS570 DYS643 DYS627 DYS460 DYS518 DYS449 DYF387S1
4 15 12 29 23 10 14 13 13,13 12 10 14 15 15 20 12 17 16 26 13 11 17 11 22 10 37 30 35,39
3 14 12 30 24 10 11 13 15,15 11 11 15 14 15 19 12 19 18 26 12 12 19 10 21 11 37 25 36,39
3 16 12 28 25 10 13 12 12,20 11 10 14 14 19 21 12 19 19 26 12 11 18 10 21 10 39 30 36,37
3 16 13 29 24 10 13 12 13,21 11 10 15 15 19 23 12 20 19 22 12 11 19 10 21 9 38 33 36,40
2 12 14 30 25 11 13 13 11,21 11 10 14 15 17 20 11 21 17 27 12 11 17 12 17 10 36 30 39,41
2 13 12 29 24 10 12 12 12,16 12 10 15 14 20 20 12 19 19 22 12 11 15 10 24 9 35 34 36,40
2 13 12 30 24 11 11 13 14,15 12 11 15 14 16 19 12 19 18 25 12 12 18 10 18 11 37 26 37,39
2 14 12 28 24 11 14 12 13,18 12 11 15 15 19 22 12 18 16 24 13 11 17 11 21 10 36 34 35,38
2 14 12 30 24 10 11 13 15,16 11 11 15 14 16 19 12 20 18 24 13 12 18 10 19 11 37 25 36,37
2 14 13 30 23 10 14 12 13,18 12 11 15 15 17 20 12 20 17 23 12 11 17 12 18 9 35 31 35,38

Discrete-Laplace frequency estimation (Minimal)

Release
R69
Loci included
DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II*, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393
Central haplotypes
19
EM converged
true
EM iterations
24
GLM method
internal_coef
Init method
pam
Threshold frequency
1 in 174,203
Per locus details
DL centers distribution (download PDF)
Table of haplotype centers (click to show/hide)
DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II* DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393
1 15 13 16 25 10 13 12
2 16 13 16 24 11 13 14
3 15 13 16 25 10 13 15
4 16 13 17 25 11 13 14
5 15 13 16 25 11 14 14
6 15 12 16 23 10 12 12
7 15 13 17 23 10 11 14
8 14 12 16 24 10 14 12
9 16 12 16 24 10 13 12
10 15 12 17 23 10 14 13
11 15 12 17 23 10 13 12
12 15 14 16 24 10 13 14
13 17 12 17 24 10 13 12
14 14 12 17 24 10 11 13
15 17 12 16 24 10 13 12
16 14 13 16 23 10 14 13
17 13 14 16 24 6 14 14
18 15 13 16 24 10 11 15
19 14 14 16 23 11 14 13

Discrete-Laplace frequency estimation (Y17)

Release
R69
Loci included
DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II*, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, YGATAH4
Central haplotypes
21
EM converged
true
EM iterations
25
GLM method
internal_coef
Init method
pam
Threshold frequency
1 in 232,622,246
Per locus details
DL centers distribution (download PDF)
Table of haplotype centers (click to show/hide)
DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II* DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS437 DYS438 DYS439 DYS448 DYS456 DYS458 DYS635 YGATAH4
1 15 13 16 25 10 13 14 14 10 12 18 15 16 21 11
2 15 13 16 23 10 11 15 14 10 11 21 15 15 21 11
3 17 12 17 24 10 13 12 15 10 10 20 15 17 23 12
4 16 12 16 24 10 13 12 15 10 11 20 15 18 22 12
5 15 12 16 25 10 13 12 14 10 12 19 14 18 22 12
6 15 12 16 23 10 12 12 15 10 12 19 15 18 20 12
7 16 12 16 24 10 13 12 14 10 12 19 14 17 21 12
8 15 13 17 24 10 13 14 14 10 11 18 15 17 22 10
9 14 12 16 24 10 14 12 15 11 12 20 15 18 20 12
10 16 13 17 24 11 13 14 14 10 12 18 15 18 22 11
11 14 12 18 24 10 11 13 15 11 11 19 14 16 19 12
12 15 12 17 23 11 14 13 14 10 11 18 17 15 19 12
13 15 12 17 23 10 14 13 14 10 12 18 15 15 21 12
14 15 12 16 21 10 11 12 14 10 11 20 15 18 23 11
15 15 12 17 23 10 13 12 15 9 11 19 15 15 22 13
16 14 13 16 23 10 14 13 14 10 11 18 15 16 20 12
17 16 13 17 25 11 11 13 14 11 10 20 15 16 23 12
18 15 13 16 25 11 14 14 14 10 12 18 16 16 20 11
19 14 14 16 23 11 14 13 14 11 11 19 16 16 23 12
20 17 12 16 24 10 13 12 15 10 11 20 15 19 23 12
21 13 14 16 24 6 14 14 14 12 11 19 16 17 22 10

* Please note that DYS389I was substracted from DYS389II

Population studies

  • Kwak KD., Jin HJ., Shin DJ., Kim JM., Roewer L., Krawczak M., Tyler-Smith C. and Kim W. (2005), 'Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes and their applications to forensic and population studies in east Asia.', Int J Legal Med 119(4):195-201 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Lessig R., Willuweit S., Krawczak M., Wu FC., Pu CE., Kim W., Henke L., Henke J., Miranda J., Hidding M., Benecke M., Schmitt C., Magno M., Calacal G., Delfin FC., Ungria D., Elias S., Augustin C., Tun Z., Honda K., Kayser M., Gusmao L., Amorim A., Alves C., Hou Y., Keyser C., Ludes B., Klintschar M., Immel UD., Reichenpfader B., Zaharova B. and Roewer L. (2003), 'Asian online Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database.', Leg Med (Tokyo) 5 Suppl 1:S160-3 [PubMed]
  • Dewa K., Tuyen NQ., Rand S., Hohoff C. and Brinkmann B. (2003), '13 Y-chromosomal STRs in a Vietnamese population', Internatl Congress Series 1239 (2003) 315-317 1239:315-317
  • Ghosh T., Kalpana D., Mukerjee S., Mukherjee M., Sharma AK., Nath S., Rathod VR., Thakar MK. and Jha GN. (2011), 'Genetic diversity of 17 Y-short tandem repeats in Indian population.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 5(4):363-7 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Hasan M., Momtaz P., Hosen I., Das SA. and Akhteruzzaman S. (2015), 'Population genetics of 17 Y-chromosomal STRs loci in Garo and Santal tribal populations in Bangladesh.', Int J Legal Med 129(2):251-2 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Purps J., Siegert S., Willuweit S., Nagy M., Alves C., Salazar R., Angustia SM., Santos LH., Anslinger K., Bayer B., Ayub Q., Wei W., Xue Y., Tyler-Smith C., Bafalluy MB., Martínez-Jarreta B., Egyed B., Balitzki B., Tschumi S., Ballard D., Court DS., Barrantes X., Bäßler G., Wiest T., Berger B., Niederstätter H., Parson W., Davis C., Budowle B., Burri H., Borer U., Koller C., Carvalho EF., Domingues PM., Chamoun WT., Coble MD., Hill CR., Corach D., Caputo M., D'Amato ME., Davison S., Decorte R., Larmuseau MH., Ottoni C., Rickards O., Lu D., Jiang C., Dobosz T., Jonkisz A., Frank WE., Furac I., Gehrig C., Castella V., Grskovic B., Haas C., Wobst J., Hadzic G., Drobnic K., Honda K., Hou Y., Zhou D., Li Y., Hu S., Chen S., Immel UD., Lessig R., Jakovski Z., Ilievska T., Klann AE., García CC., Knijff D., Kraaijenbrink T., Kondili A., Miniati P., Vouropoulou M., Kovacevic L., Marjanovic D., Lindner I., Mansour I., Al-Azem M., Andari AE., Marino M., Furfuro S., Locarno L., Martín P., Luque GM., Alonso A., Miranda LS., Moreira H., Mizuno N., Iwashima Y., Neto RS., Nogueira TL., Silva R., Nastainczyk-Wulf M., Edelmann J., Kohl M., Nie S., Wang X., Cheng B., Núñez C., Pancorbo MM., Olofsson JK., Morling N., Onofri V., Tagliabracci A., Pamjav H., Volgyi A., Barany G., Pawlowski R., Maciejewska A., Pelotti S., Pepinski W., Abreu-Glowacka M., Phillips C., Cárdenas J., Rey-Gonzalez D., Salas A., Brisighelli F., Capelli C., Toscanini U., Piccinini A., Piglionica M., Baldassarra SL., Ploski R., Konarzewska M., Jastrzebska E., Robino C., Sajantila A., Palo JU., Guevara E., Salvador J., Ungria MC., Rodriguez JJ., Schmidt U., Schlauderer N., Saukko P., Schneider PM., Sirker M., Shin KJ., Oh YN., Skitsa I., Ampati A., Smith TG., Calvit LS., Stenzl V., Capal T., Tillmar A., Nilsson H., Turrina S., Leo D., Verzeletti A., Cortellini V., Wetton JH., Gwynne GM., Jobling MA., Whittle MR., Sumita DR., Wolańska-Nowak P., Yong RY., Krawczak M., Nothnagel M. and Roewer L. (2014), 'A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 12:12-23 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Xu H., Wang CC., Shrestha R., Wang LX., Zhang M., He Y., Kidd JR., Kidd KK., Jin L. and Li H. (2015), 'Inferring population structure and demographic history using Y‐STR data from worldwide populations', Mol Genet Genomics 290(1):141-50 [DOI]
  • Miranda-Barros F., Romanini C., Peréz LA., Nhu ND., Phan TD., Carvalho EF., Vullo C. and Gusmão L. (2016), 'Y Chromosome STR haplotypes in different ethnic groups of Vietnam.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 22:e18-20 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Shu L., Li L., Yu G., Yu B., Liu Y., Li S., Jin L. and Yan S. (2015), 'Genetic analysis of 17 Y-STR loci in Han, Dong, Miao and Tujia populations from Hunan province, central-southern China', For Sci Int Genet 19:250-1 [DOI]
  • Feng R., Zhao Y., Chen S., Li Q., Fu Y., Zhao L., Zhou Y., Zhang L., Mei X., Shi M. and Yin J. (2020), 'Genetic analysis of 50 Y-STR loci in Dong, Miao, Tujia, and Yao populations from Hunan', Int J Legal Med 134:981–983 [DOI]
  • Syed HS., Nany RK., Alwi R., Panneerchelvam S., Nor M., Nur A. and Zafarina Z. (2018), 'Paternal lineage affinity of the Malay subethnic and Orang Asli populations in Peninsular Malaysia', Int J Legal Med 132(4):1087-90 [Link] [DOI]
  • Kampuansai J., Kutanan W., Dudás E., Vágó-Zalán A., Galambos A. and Pamjav H. (2020), 'Paternal genetic history of the Yong population in northern Thailand revealed by Y-chromosomal haplotypes and haplogroups', Molecular Genetics and Genomics 295:279-289 [DOI]
  • Hasan MM., Chakma K., Bhattacharjee S., Hasnat MA. and Akhteruzzaman S. (2024), 'Genetic landscape of the people of Bangladesh depicted with 17 Y-Chromosome-Specific microsatellites', Bioresearch Communications, 10(2), 1482–1488. 10(2):1482–88 [Link] [DOI]
  • Zhang X., Gu T., Yao J., Yang C., Du L., Bo J., Rao M., Nie A., Hu L. and Nie S. (2017), 'Genetic analysis of 24 Y-STR loci in the Miao ethnic minority from Yunnan Province, southwestern China', For Sci International Genetics 28:e30-e32 [DOI]
  • Chen P., He G., Xing H., Gao H., Wang M., Zhao M., Luo L., Wu J., Yu J. and Han Y. (2019), 'Forensic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of 23 Y-STR loci in the Miao population from Guizhou province, southwest China', Annals of Human Biology 46(1):1-11 [DOI]
  • Chen P., He G., Zou X., Zhang X., Li J., Wang Z., Gao H., Luo L., Zhang Z., Yu J. and Han Y. (2018), 'Genetic diversities and phylogenetic analyses of three Chinese main ethnic groups in southwest China: A Y-Chromosomal STR study', Scientific Reports 8(1):15339 [DOI]
  • Liao Y., Chen L., Huang R., Wu W., Liu D. and Sun H. (2019), 'Genomic Portrait of Guangdong Liannan Yao Population Based on 15 Autosomal STRs and 19 Y-STRs', Scientific Reports 9:2141 [Link] [DOI]
  • Tang J., Yang M., Wang X., Wang Q., Wang Q., Zhang H., Qian E., Zhang H., Ji J., Ren Z., Wu Y. and Huang J. (2020), 'Genetic structure and forensic characterisation of 36 Y-chromosomal STR loci in Hmong-Mien-speaking Miao population', Annals of Human Biology 10.1080/03014460.2020.1788159: [DOI]
  • Luo L., Yao L., Chai S., Zhang H., Li M., Yu J., Hu X., Li C., Bian Y. and Chen P. (2021), 'Forensic characteristics and population construction of two major minorities from southwest China revealed by a novel 37 Y-STR loci system', R. Soc. Open Sci. 8:210447 [DOI]
  • Ha HH., Nguyen TH., Tran LH., Nguyen HTH., Hoang H. and Chu HH. (2019), 'Genetic characteristics of 23 Y-chromosomal STRs in the Kinh population in Northern Vietnam', Int J Legal Med 133(5):1403-4 [DOI]

Personal communications

YA005442, YA005648, YA005780, YA005900, YA005788
* See FAQ/Glossary (http://yhrd.org/pages/faq) for further explanations of abbreviated terms used here
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