Metapopulations

The haplotype frequencies can be sensibly reported in groups of spatially distributed populations (Metapopulations) sharing a common ancestry and thus a similar pool of deep-rooting lineages. To describe the hierarchy of metapopulations we use a knowledge-based terminology, which incorporates linguistic, geographical and genetic resources, e.g. Eurasian-European–Western European or East Asian-Korean (see Willuweit and Roewer 2015 [PubMed] [DOI]).

Metapopulation substructure

Database composition

Metapopulation Minimal Y12 Y17 Y23 Y27 Ymax
Eurasian 123,150 Haplotypes 99,331 Haplotypes 89,639 Haplotypes 34,849 Haplotypes 17,188 Haplotypes 5,294 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European 86,291 Haplotypes 66,118 Haplotypes 57,824 Haplotypes 25,497 Haplotypes 10,814 Haplotypes 4,066 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European - Western European 39,150 Haplotypes 30,156 Haplotypes 28,971 Haplotypes 15,499 Haplotypes 4,637 Haplotypes 1,551 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European - Eastern European 18,163 Haplotypes 13,192 Haplotypes 9,570 Haplotypes 1,882 Haplotypes 2,173 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European - South-Eastern European 9,844 Haplotypes 7,740 Haplotypes 6,863 Haplotypes 3,303 Haplotypes 1,032 Haplotypes 97 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Altaic 17,129 Haplotypes 15,182 Haplotypes 14,298 Haplotypes 2,815 Haplotypes 4,509 Haplotypes 1,039 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Caucasian 505 Haplotypes 75 Haplotypes 75 Haplotypes 56 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Uralic-Yukaghir 1,626 Haplotypes 1,478 Haplotypes 1,365 Haplotypes 1,288 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Indo-Iranian 8,361 Haplotypes 7,732 Haplotypes 7,332 Haplotypes 882 Haplotypes 726 Haplotypes 153 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Indian 9,238 Haplotypes 8,746 Haplotypes 8,745 Haplotypes 4,311 Haplotypes 1,139 Haplotypes 36 Haplotypes
East Asian 151,629 Haplotypes 145,768 Haplotypes 143,635 Haplotypes 47,839 Haplotypes 70,665 Haplotypes 34,058 Haplotypes
East Asian - Korean 7,304 Haplotypes 6,988 Haplotypes 6,678 Haplotypes 2,430 Haplotypes 1,387 Haplotypes 1,009 Haplotypes
East Asian - Japanese 2,303 Haplotypes 1,909 Haplotypes 1,909 Haplotypes 323 Haplotypes 1,316 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
East Asian - Sino-Tibetan 118,251 Haplotypes 114,286 Haplotypes 113,462 Haplotypes 33,869 Haplotypes 56,658 Haplotypes 26,550 Haplotypes
East Asian - Sino-Tibetan - Tibeto-Burman 17,360 Haplotypes 15,515 Haplotypes 15,509 Haplotypes 6,697 Haplotypes 7,510 Haplotypes 5,031 Haplotypes
East Asian - Sino-Tibetan - Chinese (Han) 100,058 Haplotypes 97,938 Haplotypes 97,120 Haplotypes 27,030 Haplotypes 48,603 Haplotypes 21,519 Haplotypes
East Asian - Austro-Asiatic 5,029 Haplotypes 4,820 Haplotypes 4,820 Haplotypes 2,801 Haplotypes 2,158 Haplotypes 1,938 Haplotypes
East Asian - Tai-Kadai 8,763 Haplotypes 8,692 Haplotypes 8,191 Haplotypes 3,315 Haplotypes 5,872 Haplotypes 2,018 Haplotypes
East Asian - Austronesian 3,960 Haplotypes 3,083 Haplotypes 3,083 Haplotypes 1,654 Haplotypes 199 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
East Asian - Indo-Pacific 192 Haplotypes 163 Haplotypes 163 Haplotypes 163 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
East Asian - Dravidian 1,545 Haplotypes 1,545 Haplotypes 1,335 Haplotypes 321 Haplotypes 11 Haplotypes 6 Haplotypes
Australian Aboriginal 785 Haplotypes 785 Haplotypes 785 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes 743 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
African 20,631 Haplotypes 16,542 Haplotypes 14,376 Haplotypes 6,839 Haplotypes 4,815 Haplotypes 2,791 Haplotypes
African - Sub-Saharan African 6,976 Haplotypes 5,979 Haplotypes 5,739 Haplotypes 2,328 Haplotypes 2,144 Haplotypes 447 Haplotypes
African - African American 13,237 Haplotypes 10,445 Haplotypes 8,637 Haplotypes 4,511 Haplotypes 2,671 Haplotypes 2,344 Haplotypes
Native American 7,484 Haplotypes 6,771 Haplotypes 5,754 Haplotypes 3,390 Haplotypes 2,967 Haplotypes 2,283 Haplotypes
Eskimo Aleut 670 Haplotypes 600 Haplotypes 516 Haplotypes 289 Haplotypes 189 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic 11,503 Haplotypes 10,010 Haplotypes 9,394 Haplotypes 2,778 Haplotypes 2,893 Haplotypes 50 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic - Semitic 10,363 Haplotypes 8,947 Haplotypes 8,511 Haplotypes 2,706 Haplotypes 2,203 Haplotypes 50 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic - Berber 647 Haplotypes 570 Haplotypes 414 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes 293 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic - Cushitic 493 Haplotypes 493 Haplotypes 469 Haplotypes 72 Haplotypes 397 Haplotypes 0 Haplotypes
Admixed 67,350 Haplotypes 58,511 Haplotypes 49,231 Haplotypes 20,878 Haplotypes 17,337 Haplotypes 11,695 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. African American 11,164 Haplotypes 8,928 Haplotypes 7,120 Haplotypes 3,289 Haplotypes 2,588 Haplotypes 2,261 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Asian American 4,325 Haplotypes 4,325 Haplotypes 4,034 Haplotypes 3,149 Haplotypes 2,885 Haplotypes 2,537 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Caucasian American 12,657 Haplotypes 10,894 Haplotypes 8,488 Haplotypes 3,625 Haplotypes 2,775 Haplotypes 2,418 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Hispanic American 8,152 Haplotypes 7,318 Haplotypes 6,024 Haplotypes 3,157 Haplotypes 2,456 Haplotypes 2,163 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Native American 4,556 Haplotypes 4,329 Haplotypes 3,541 Haplotypes 3,168 Haplotypes 2,524 Haplotypes 2,283 Haplotypes
* See FAQ/Glossary (http://yhrd.org/pages/faq) for further explanations of abbreviated terms used here