Metapopulations

The haplotype frequencies can be sensibly reported in groups of spatially distributed populations (Metapopulations) sharing a common ancestry and thus a similar pool of deep-rooting lineages. To describe the hierarchy of metapopulations we use a knowledge-based terminology, which incorporates linguistic, geographical and genetic resources, e.g. Eurasian-European–Western European or East Asian-Korean (see Willuweit and Roewer 2015 [PubMed] [DOI]).

Metapopulation substructure

Database composition

Metapopulation	Minimal	Y12	Y17	Y23	Y27	Ymax
Eurasian	123,150 Haplotypes	99,331 Haplotypes	89,639 Haplotypes	34,849 Haplotypes	17,188 Haplotypes	5,294 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European	86,291 Haplotypes	66,118 Haplotypes	57,824 Haplotypes	25,497 Haplotypes	10,814 Haplotypes	4,066 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European - Western European	39,150 Haplotypes	30,156 Haplotypes	28,971 Haplotypes	15,499 Haplotypes	4,637 Haplotypes	1,551 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European - Eastern European	18,163 Haplotypes	13,192 Haplotypes	9,570 Haplotypes	1,882 Haplotypes	2,173 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
Eurasian - European - South-Eastern European	9,844 Haplotypes	7,740 Haplotypes	6,863 Haplotypes	3,303 Haplotypes	1,032 Haplotypes	97 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Altaic	17,129 Haplotypes	15,182 Haplotypes	14,298 Haplotypes	2,815 Haplotypes	4,509 Haplotypes	1,039 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Caucasian	505 Haplotypes	75 Haplotypes	75 Haplotypes	56 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Uralic-Yukaghir	1,626 Haplotypes	1,478 Haplotypes	1,365 Haplotypes	1,288 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Indo-Iranian	8,361 Haplotypes	7,732 Haplotypes	7,332 Haplotypes	882 Haplotypes	726 Haplotypes	153 Haplotypes
Eurasian - Indian	9,238 Haplotypes	8,746 Haplotypes	8,745 Haplotypes	4,311 Haplotypes	1,139 Haplotypes	36 Haplotypes
East Asian	151,629 Haplotypes	145,768 Haplotypes	143,635 Haplotypes	47,839 Haplotypes	70,665 Haplotypes	34,058 Haplotypes
East Asian - Korean	7,304 Haplotypes	6,988 Haplotypes	6,678 Haplotypes	2,430 Haplotypes	1,387 Haplotypes	1,009 Haplotypes
East Asian - Japanese	2,303 Haplotypes	1,909 Haplotypes	1,909 Haplotypes	323 Haplotypes	1,316 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
East Asian - Sino-Tibetan	118,251 Haplotypes	114,286 Haplotypes	113,462 Haplotypes	33,869 Haplotypes	56,658 Haplotypes	26,550 Haplotypes
East Asian - Sino-Tibetan - Tibeto-Burman	17,360 Haplotypes	15,515 Haplotypes	15,509 Haplotypes	6,697 Haplotypes	7,510 Haplotypes	5,031 Haplotypes
East Asian - Sino-Tibetan - Chinese (Han)	100,058 Haplotypes	97,938 Haplotypes	97,120 Haplotypes	27,030 Haplotypes	48,603 Haplotypes	21,519 Haplotypes
East Asian - Austro-Asiatic	5,029 Haplotypes	4,820 Haplotypes	4,820 Haplotypes	2,801 Haplotypes	2,158 Haplotypes	1,938 Haplotypes
East Asian - Tai-Kadai	8,763 Haplotypes	8,692 Haplotypes	8,191 Haplotypes	3,315 Haplotypes	5,872 Haplotypes	2,018 Haplotypes
East Asian - Austronesian	3,960 Haplotypes	3,083 Haplotypes	3,083 Haplotypes	1,654 Haplotypes	199 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
East Asian - Indo-Pacific	192 Haplotypes	163 Haplotypes	163 Haplotypes	163 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
East Asian - Dravidian	1,545 Haplotypes	1,545 Haplotypes	1,335 Haplotypes	321 Haplotypes	11 Haplotypes	6 Haplotypes
Australian Aboriginal	785 Haplotypes	785 Haplotypes	785 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes	743 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
African	20,631 Haplotypes	16,542 Haplotypes	14,376 Haplotypes	6,839 Haplotypes	4,815 Haplotypes	2,791 Haplotypes
African - Sub-Saharan African	6,976 Haplotypes	5,979 Haplotypes	5,739 Haplotypes	2,328 Haplotypes	2,144 Haplotypes	447 Haplotypes
African - African American	13,237 Haplotypes	10,445 Haplotypes	8,637 Haplotypes	4,511 Haplotypes	2,671 Haplotypes	2,344 Haplotypes
Native American	7,484 Haplotypes	6,771 Haplotypes	5,754 Haplotypes	3,390 Haplotypes	2,967 Haplotypes	2,283 Haplotypes
Eskimo Aleut	670 Haplotypes	600 Haplotypes	516 Haplotypes	289 Haplotypes	189 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic	11,503 Haplotypes	10,010 Haplotypes	9,394 Haplotypes	2,778 Haplotypes	2,893 Haplotypes	50 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic - Semitic	10,363 Haplotypes	8,947 Haplotypes	8,511 Haplotypes	2,706 Haplotypes	2,203 Haplotypes	50 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic - Berber	647 Haplotypes	570 Haplotypes	414 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes	293 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
Afro-Asiatic - Cushitic	493 Haplotypes	493 Haplotypes	469 Haplotypes	72 Haplotypes	397 Haplotypes	0 Haplotypes
Admixed	67,350 Haplotypes	58,511 Haplotypes	49,231 Haplotypes	20,878 Haplotypes	17,337 Haplotypes	11,695 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. African American	11,164 Haplotypes	8,928 Haplotypes	7,120 Haplotypes	3,289 Haplotypes	2,588 Haplotypes	2,261 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Asian American	4,325 Haplotypes	4,325 Haplotypes	4,034 Haplotypes	3,149 Haplotypes	2,885 Haplotypes	2,537 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Caucasian American	12,657 Haplotypes	10,894 Haplotypes	8,488 Haplotypes	3,625 Haplotypes	2,775 Haplotypes	2,418 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Hispanic American	8,152 Haplotypes	7,318 Haplotypes	6,024 Haplotypes	3,157 Haplotypes	2,456 Haplotypes	2,163 Haplotypes
Admixed - U.S. Native American	4,556 Haplotypes	4,329 Haplotypes	3,541 Haplotypes	3,168 Haplotypes	2,524 Haplotypes	2,283 Haplotypes