Information on the East Asian - Dravidian Metapopulation

The Dravidian Metapopulation (East Asian - Dravidian) consists of 1,545 haplotypes (at least minimal) which were published in 9 population studies and were additionally submitted via personal communication (3 submissions) .

Most common haplotypes

Count	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393	DYS385
33	14	12	28	22	10	14	11	13,17
27	15	12	28	22	10	11	12	15,16
20	15	13	29	25	11	13	14	15,20
13	14	12	28	22	10	14	11	13,16
13	14	12	28	22	10	14	11	14,17
12	15	12	28	22	11	11	12	15,16
11	15	13	29	22	10	11	12	15,17
9	15	12	28	22	10	14	11	14,18
9	15	14	30	22	10	11	12	16,17
8	14	13	29	23	10	10	14	12,18

Count	DYS391	DYS389I	DYS439	DYS389II	DYS438	DYS437	DYS19	DYS392	DYS393	DYS390	DYS385
26	10	12	11	28	9	14	15	11	12	22	15,16
14	10	12	13	28	10	15	14	14	11	22	13,17
14	11	13	12	29	10	14	15	13	14	25	15,20
9	10	12	14	28	10	15	15	14	11	22	14,18
8	10	12	12	28	10	15	14	14	11	22	13,17
8	10	12	12	28	11	15	14	14	11	22	14,17
8	10	13	11	29	9	14	15	11	12	22	15,17
8	11	12	11	28	9	14	15	11	12	22	15,16
7	10	13	10	29	11	16	14	10	14	23	12,18
7	10	13	12	29	10	16	15	14	12	22	7,16

Count	DYS456	DYS389I	DYS390	DYS389II	DYS458	DYS19	DYS385	DYS393	DYS391	DYS439	DYS635	DYS392	YGATAH4	DYS437	DYS438	DYS448
6	14.1	13	25	29	17	15	15,20	14	11	12	21	13	11	14	10	19
6	15	12	22	28	16	15	14,18	11	10	14	24	14	12	15	10	19
4	15	12	22	28	18	15	15,16	12	11	12	20	11	12	14	9	19
4	15	12	22	28	19	15	15,16	12	10	11	20	11	12	14	9	19
4	15	14	22	30	16	16	14,17	12	10	11	20	11	12	14	9	19
4	15.1	13	25	29	17	15	15,20	14	11	12	21	13	11	14	10	18
4	15.1	13	25	29	17	15	15,21	14	12	13	21	13	11	14	10	18
4	16	12	22	28	18	15	15,16	12	10	11	20	11	12	14	9	19
4	16	12	23	28	18	14	13,20	13	10	10	24	10	12	17	12	18
4	17	13	23	30	17	14	13,19	12	10	12	22	12	13	15	9	22

Count	DYS576	DYS389I	DYS448	DYS389II	DYS19	DYS391	DYS481	DYS549	DYS533	DYS438	DYS437	DYS570	DYS635	DYS390	DYS439	DYS392	DYS643	DYS393	DYS458	DYS385	DYS456	YGATAH4
4	20	13	18	29	15	12	23	12	11	10	14	16	21	25	13	13	12	14	17	15,21	15.1	11
4	21	13	19	29	15	11	23	12	11	10	14	16	21	25	12	13	12	14	17	15,20	14.1	11
3	17	14	18	30	15	10	23	12	10	10	14	16	21	24	12	13	12	11	18	16,20	17	11
3	18	14	18	30	15	10	23	12	10	10	14	15	22	25	11	13	9	14	15	16,21	15	11
3	18	14	18	31	15	11	24	13	11	10	14	16	21	24	12	13	12	15	17	15,20	15	11
3	20	13	18	29	15	11	23	12	11	10	14	16	21	25	12	13	12	14	17	15,20	15.1	11
2	15	12	18	28	14	10	26.1	12	11	12	17	17	24	23	10	10	10	13	18	13,20	16	12
2	16	12	19	28	15	10	23	12	12	9	14	19	20	22	11	11	10	12	19	15,16	15	12
2	16	13	20	30	16	11	24	12	11	11	14	17	23	25	10	11	10	13	14	11,14	16	11
2	17	12	19	28	15	11	23	12	12	9	14	20	20	22	12	11	10	12	18	15,16	15	12

Count	DYS576	DYS389I	DYS635	DYS389II	DYS627	DYS460	DYS458	DYS19	YGATAH4	DYS448	DYS391	DYS456	DYS390	DYS438	DYS392	DYS518	DYS570	DYS437	DYS385	DYS449	DYS393	DYS439	DYS481	DYF387S1	DYS533
2	15	12	24	28	20	10	18	14	12	18	10	16	23	12	10	42	17	17	13,20	31	13	10	26	37,41	11

There are no Ymax haplotypes or all haplotypes are singletons.

Discrete-Laplace frequency estimation (Minimal)

Release: R69
Loci included: DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II^*, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393
Central haplotypes: 15
EM converged: true
EM iterations: 22
GLM method: internal_coef
Init method: pam
Threshold frequency: 1 in 78,806
Per locus details: DL centers distribution (download PDF)

Table of haplotype centers (click to show/hide)

	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II^*	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393
1	14	13	16	23	10	10	14
2	14	12	16	22	10	14	11
3	15	13	17	25	10	11	13
4	15	13	18	24	10	11	13
5	15	14	16	22	10	11	12
6	15	13	16	22	10	11	12
7	15	13	16	25	11	13	14
8	15	13	16	23	10	11	13
9	16	13	18	25	11	11	13
10	14	14	16	23	10	10	14
11	15	12	16	24	10	11	12
12	15	13	16	22	10	14	12
13	16	13	16	21	10	11	14
14	14	13	17	23	10	11	13
15	15	12	16	22	10	11	12

Discrete-Laplace frequency estimation (Y17)

Release: R69
Loci included: DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II^*, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, YGATAH4
Central haplotypes: 15
EM converged: true
EM iterations: 32
GLM method: internal_coef
Init method: pam
Threshold frequency: 1 in 371,912,291
Per locus details: DL centers distribution (download PDF)

Table of haplotype centers (click to show/hide)

	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II^*	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393	DYS437	DYS438	DYS439	DYS448	DYS456	DYS458	DYS635	YGATAH4
1	15	12	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	15	18	20	12
2	14	14	16	23	10	10	14	16	11	11	19	15	17	25	12
3	14	12	16	22	10	14	11	15	10	13	19	15	15	24	12
4	14	13	16	23	10	10	14	16	11	10	19	15	18	24	12
5	16	14	16	21	11	11	14	14	10	13	18	15	18	23	12
6	15	13	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	15	16	21	12
7	15	13	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	16	17	20	12
8	15	13	17	25	10	11	13	14	11	10	20	15	16	23	12
9	15	13	16	22	10	11	13	15	10	12	19	15	18	21	11
10	15	13	16	25	11	13	14	14	10	12	18	15	16	22	11
11	14	13	17	23	10	11	13	14	9	11	20	15	16	21	12
12	15	13	16	22	10	14	12	16	10	12	19	15	18	21	11
13	16	13	17	25	11	11	13	14	11	10	20	15	16	23	13
14	14	14	16	23	10	11	12	14	9	12	21	14	18	23	11
15	15	12	16	24	10	11	12	15	9	12	19	13	16	21	11

^* Please note that DYS389I was substracted from DYS389II

Population studies

Illeperuma RJ., Markalanda D., Mountain JL., Ratnasooriya WD., Fernandopulle ND. and Bamshad MJ. (2010), 'Haplotype data for 12 Y-chromosome STR loci of Sri Lankans.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 4(4):e119-20 [PubMed] [DOI]
Ghosh T., Kalpana D., Mukerjee S., Mukherjee M., Sharma AK., Nath S., Rathod VR., Thakar MK. and Jha GN. (2011), 'Genetic diversity of 17 Y-short tandem repeats in Indian population.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 5(4):363-7 [PubMed] [DOI]
Xu H., Wang CC., Shrestha R., Wang LX., Zhang M., He Y., Kidd JR., Kidd KK., Jin L. and Li H. (2015), 'Inferring population structure and demographic history using Y‐STR data from worldwide populations', Mol Genet Genomics 290(1):141-50 [DOI]
Gao T., Yun L., Gu Y., He W., Wang Z. and Hou Y. (2015), 'Phylogenetic analysis and forensic characteristics of 12 populations using 23 Y-STR loci', For Sci Int Genet 19:130-3 [DOI]
Raghunath R., Krishnamoorthy K., Balasubramanian L. and Mohanram K. (2016), 'Genetic portrait of Tamil non-tribal and Irula tribal population using Y chromosome STR markers', International Journal of Legal Medicine 130(2):367-9 [Link] [DOI]
Shrivastava P., Jain T. and Trivedi VB. (2016), 'A genetic portrait of Oraon Indian tribe drawn with 15 autosomal and 17 Y chromosomal STR markers.', Int J Legal Med 130(5):1185-6 [PubMed] [DOI]
Singh M., Sarkar A. and Madhusudan R. (2018), 'A comprehensive portrait of Y-STR diversity of Indian populations and comparison with 129 worldwide populations', Scientific Reports 8(1):15421 [DOI]
Frank WE., Ralph HC. and Tahir MA. (2008), 'Y chromosome STR haplotypes and allele frequencies in a southern Indian male population.', J Forensic Sci 53(1):248-51 [PubMed] [DOI]
Luis JR., Palencia-Madrid L., Deshpande KT., Alfonso-Sanchez MA., Peña JA., Pancorbo MM., Garcia-Bertrand R. and Herrera RJ. (2023), 'On the Y chromosome of Chennai, Tamil Nadu and the Indian Subcontinent', Gene 859:147175 [DOI]

Personal communications

YA005251, YA005054, YA005943

	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II^*	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393
1	14	13	16	23	10	10	14
2	14	12	16	22	10	14	11
3	15	13	17	25	10	11	13
4	15	13	18	24	10	11	13
5	15	14	16	22	10	11	12
6	15	13	16	22	10	11	12
7	15	13	16	25	11	13	14
8	15	13	16	23	10	11	13
9	16	13	18	25	11	11	13
10	14	14	16	23	10	10	14
11	15	12	16	24	10	11	12
12	15	13	16	22	10	14	12
13	16	13	16	21	10	11	14
14	14	13	17	23	10	11	13
15	15	12	16	22	10	11	12

	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II^*	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393	DYS437	DYS438	DYS439	DYS448	DYS456	DYS458	DYS635	YGATAH4
1	15	12	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	15	18	20	12
2	14	14	16	23	10	10	14	16	11	11	19	15	17	25	12
3	14	12	16	22	10	14	11	15	10	13	19	15	15	24	12
4	14	13	16	23	10	10	14	16	11	10	19	15	18	24	12
5	16	14	16	21	11	11	14	14	10	13	18	15	18	23	12
6	15	13	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	15	16	21	12
7	15	13	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	16	17	20	12
8	15	13	17	25	10	11	13	14	11	10	20	15	16	23	12
9	15	13	16	22	10	11	13	15	10	12	19	15	18	21	11
10	15	13	16	25	11	13	14	14	10	12	18	15	16	22	11
11	14	13	17	23	10	11	13	14	9	11	20	15	16	21	12
12	15	13	16	22	10	14	12	16	10	12	19	15	18	21	11
13	16	13	17	25	11	11	13	14	11	10	20	15	16	23	13
14	14	14	16	23	10	11	12	14	9	12	21	14	18	23	11
15	15	12	16	24	10	11	12	15	9	12	19	13	16	21	11

	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II^*	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393
1	14	13	16	23	10	10	14
2	14	12	16	22	10	14	11
3	15	13	17	25	10	11	13
4	15	13	18	24	10	11	13
5	15	14	16	22	10	11	12
6	15	13	16	22	10	11	12
7	15	13	16	25	11	13	14
8	15	13	16	23	10	11	13
9	16	13	18	25	11	11	13
10	14	14	16	23	10	10	14
11	15	12	16	24	10	11	12
12	15	13	16	22	10	14	12
13	16	13	16	21	10	11	14
14	14	13	17	23	10	11	13
15	15	12	16	22	10	11	12

	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II^*	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393	DYS437	DYS438	DYS439	DYS448	DYS456	DYS458	DYS635	YGATAH4
1	15	12	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	15	18	20	12
2	14	14	16	23	10	10	14	16	11	11	19	15	17	25	12
3	14	12	16	22	10	14	11	15	10	13	19	15	15	24	12
4	14	13	16	23	10	10	14	16	11	10	19	15	18	24	12
5	16	14	16	21	11	11	14	14	10	13	18	15	18	23	12
6	15	13	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	15	16	21	12
7	15	13	16	22	10	11	12	14	9	11	19	16	17	20	12
8	15	13	17	25	10	11	13	14	11	10	20	15	16	23	12
9	15	13	16	22	10	11	13	15	10	12	19	15	18	21	11
10	15	13	16	25	11	13	14	14	10	12	18	15	16	22	11
11	14	13	17	23	10	11	13	14	9	11	20	15	16	21	12
12	15	13	16	22	10	14	12	16	10	12	19	15	18	21	11
13	16	13	17	25	11	11	13	14	11	10	20	15	16	23	13
14	14	14	16	23	10	11	12	14	9	12	21	14	18	23	11
15	15	12	16	24	10	11	12	15	9	12	19	13	16	21	11