Information on the National Database "Iraq"

The National Database "Iraq" consists of 2,412 haplotypes (at least minimal) which were published in 7 population studies and were additionally submitted via personal communication (4 submissions) .

Most common haplotypes

Count	DYS19	DYS389I	DYS389II	DYS390	DYS391	DYS392	DYS393	DYS385
68	14	13	30	23	11	11	12	13,19
50	14	13	30	23	11	11	12	13,18
40	14	13	29	23	11	11	12	13,18
33	14	13	29	23	11	11	12	13,19
26	14	13	29	23	10	11	12	13,16
25	15	13	30	25	10	11	13	11,14
22	14	13	29	23	10	11	12	13,18
21	14	14	31	24	10	11	13	18,19
19	14	13	30	23	10	11	12	13,18
18	14	13	29	23	12	11	12	13,19

Count	DYS391	DYS389I	DYS439	DYS389II	DYS438	DYS437	DYS19	DYS392	DYS393	DYS390	DYS385
62	11	13	11	30	10	14	14	11	12	23	13,19
41	11	13	11	30	10	14	14	11	12	23	13,18
34	11	13	11	29	10	14	14	11	12	23	13,18
23	10	13	10	30	11	14	15	11	13	25	11,14
23	11	13	11	29	10	14	14	11	12	23	13,19
18	10	13	11	29	10	14	14	11	12	23	13,18
15	10	13	11	29	9	15	14	11	12	23	12,20
14	10	13	11	30	9	14	14	11	12	24	12,15
14	12	13	11	30	10	14	14	11	12	23	13,19
13	10	13	11	30	9	14	15	11	12	25	13,15

Count	DYS456	DYS389I	DYS390	DYS389II	DYS458	DYS19	DYS385	DYS393	DYS391	DYS439	DYS635	DYS392	YGATAH4	DYS437	DYS438	DYS448
17	15	13	25	30	16	15	11,14	13	10	10	23	11	13	14	11	20
16	14	13	23	30	19.2	14	13,19	12	11	11	21	11	11	14	10	20
13	15	13	23	29	15	14	12,20	12	10	11	21	11	13	15	9	19
12	14	13	23	30	19.2	14	13,18	12	11	11	21	11	11	14	10	20
10	14	13	23	30	18	14	13,19	12	11	11	21	11	11	14	10	20
10	14	13	23	30	19.2	14	13,19	12	12	11	21	11	11	14	10	20
10	15	14	24	31	16	14	18,19	13	10	12	20	11	12	14	10	20
9	14	13	23	29	18.2	14	13,18	12	11	11	21	11	11	14	10	20
9	14	13	23	30	18.2	14	13,19	12	11	11	21	11	11	14	10	20
9	15	13	23	30	18.2	14	13,19	12	11	11	21	11	11	14	10	20

Count	DYS576	DYS389I	DYS448	DYS389II	DYS19	DYS391	DYS481	DYS549	DYS533	DYS438	DYS437	DYS570	DYS635	DYS390	DYS439	DYS392	DYS643	DYS393	DYS458	DYS385	DYS456	YGATAH4
5	17	14	20	31	14	10	22	13	11	10	14	20	20	24	12	11	13	13	16	18,19	15	12
5	18	13	20	30	14	11	26	13	11	10	14	18	21	23	11	11	9	12	19.2	13,18	14	11
4	18	13	20	30	14	11	27	13	11	10	14	18	21	23	11	11	9	12	18.2	13,19	15	11
3	17	13	20	30	15	10	23	12	12	11	14	18	23	25	10	11	10	13	16	11,14	15	13
3	17	13	21	29	14	10	25	12	12	9	15	16	23	23	11	11	10	12	16	13,16	15	11
3	17	14	20	31	14	9	25	13	11	10	14	18	22	24	12	11	13	13	15	16,17	15	12
3	18	13	20	29	14	11	24	12	11	10	14	18	21	23	11	11	9	12	18.2	13,18	14	11
3	18	13	20	30	14	10	23	12	11	9	14	17	22	24	11	11	10	12	17	12,15	15	11
3	18	13	20	30	14	10	25	13	11	10	14	16	21	23	11	11	9	12	19.2	13,18	14	11
3	18	13	20	30	14	11	26	13	11	10	14	18	21	23	11	11	9	12	19.2	13,19	14	11

There are no Y27 haplotypes or all haplotypes are singletons.

There are no Ymax haplotypes or all haplotypes are singletons.

Population studies

Brinkmann C., Forster P., Schürenkamp M., Horst J., Rolf B. and Brinkmann B. (1999), 'Human Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in a Kurdish population sample.', Int J Legal Med 112(3):181-3 [PubMed]
Purps J., Siegert S., Willuweit S., Nagy M., Alves C., Salazar R., Angustia SM., Santos LH., Anslinger K., Bayer B., Ayub Q., Wei W., Xue Y., Tyler-Smith C., Bafalluy MB., Martínez-Jarreta B., Egyed B., Balitzki B., Tschumi S., Ballard D., Court DS., Barrantes X., Bäßler G., Wiest T., Berger B., Niederstätter H., Parson W., Davis C., Budowle B., Burri H., Borer U., Koller C., Carvalho EF., Domingues PM., Chamoun WT., Coble MD., Hill CR., Corach D., Caputo M., D'Amato ME., Davison S., Decorte R., Larmuseau MH., Ottoni C., Rickards O., Lu D., Jiang C., Dobosz T., Jonkisz A., Frank WE., Furac I., Gehrig C., Castella V., Grskovic B., Haas C., Wobst J., Hadzic G., Drobnic K., Honda K., Hou Y., Zhou D., Li Y., Hu S., Chen S., Immel UD., Lessig R., Jakovski Z., Ilievska T., Klann AE., García CC., Knijff D., Kraaijenbrink T., Kondili A., Miniati P., Vouropoulou M., Kovacevic L., Marjanovic D., Lindner I., Mansour I., Al-Azem M., Andari AE., Marino M., Furfuro S., Locarno L., Martín P., Luque GM., Alonso A., Miranda LS., Moreira H., Mizuno N., Iwashima Y., Neto RS., Nogueira TL., Silva R., Nastainczyk-Wulf M., Edelmann J., Kohl M., Nie S., Wang X., Cheng B., Núñez C., Pancorbo MM., Olofsson JK., Morling N., Onofri V., Tagliabracci A., Pamjav H., Volgyi A., Barany G., Pawlowski R., Maciejewska A., Pelotti S., Pepinski W., Abreu-Glowacka M., Phillips C., Cárdenas J., Rey-Gonzalez D., Salas A., Brisighelli F., Capelli C., Toscanini U., Piccinini A., Piglionica M., Baldassarra SL., Ploski R., Konarzewska M., Jastrzebska E., Robino C., Sajantila A., Palo JU., Guevara E., Salvador J., Ungria MC., Rodriguez JJ., Schmidt U., Schlauderer N., Saukko P., Schneider PM., Sirker M., Shin KJ., Oh YN., Skitsa I., Ampati A., Smith TG., Calvit LS., Stenzl V., Capal T., Tillmar A., Nilsson H., Turrina S., Leo D., Verzeletti A., Cortellini V., Wetton JH., Gwynne GM., Jobling MA., Whittle MR., Sumita DR., Wolańska-Nowak P., Yong RY., Krawczak M., Nothnagel M. and Roewer L. (2014), 'A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 12:12-23 [PubMed] [DOI]
Dogan S., Gurkan C., Dogan M., Balkaya HE., Tunc R., Demirdov DK., Ameen NA. and Marjanovic D. (2017), 'A glimpse at the intricate mosaic of ethnicities from Mesopotamia: Paternal lineages of the Northern Iraqi Arabs, Kurds, Syriacs, Turkmens and Yazidis', PLoS ONE 12(11):e0187408 [DOI]
Al-Zubaidi MM., Nader MI., Sabbah MA., Mohammed EG., Mahmood HK., Hasan DH., Salih KM., Ramadhan AT., Sadeq AH., Nassief SS. and Khlewee MA. (2019), 'Estimation of Allele and Haplotype Frequencies for 17 YSTR Markers in the Diyala Arab Population', Iraqi Journal of Biotechnology 18(1):67-76
Lazim H., Almohammed EK., Hadi S. and Smith J. (2020), 'Population genetic diversity in an Iraqi population and gene flow across the Arabian Peninsula', Scientific Reports 10:15289 [Link] [DOI]
Mahmood HK., Salman NF., Salih KM., Hasan DH. and Al-Zubaidi MM. (2020), 'Frequency of Y-chromosome STRs using PowerPlex® Y23 System in Iraqi population', Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences 10(12): [DOI]
Albarzinji BM., Abdulkarim FM., Hussein SA. and Lazim H. (2022), 'Population Genetic Study of 17 Y-STR Loci of the Sorani Kurds in the Province of Sulaymaniyah, Iraq', BMC Genomics 23:763 [Link] [DOI]

Personal communications

YA005293, YA005723, YA005137, YA005740