Information on the East Asian - Tai-Kadai Metapopulation

The Tai-Kadai Metapopulation (East Asian - Tai-Kadai) consists of 8,763 haplotypes (at least minimal) which were published in 20 population studies and were additionally submitted via personal communication (4 submissions) .

Most common haplotypes

Count DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS385
174 15 12 29 24 10 13 15 14,16
165 14 12 28 25 10 14 12 13,17
164 14 12 28 24 10 14 12 13,17
91 15 12 28 24 10 13 15 14,16
89 14 12 30 24 10 11 13 15,15
79 15 14 31 24 10 13 14 14,18
71 15 13 31 23 10 11 15 11,11
61 17 13 29 24 11 13 14 13,18
60 17 12 28 24 10 13 12 13,22
53 14 12 30 24 10 11 13 15,16
Count DYS391 DYS389I DYS439 DYS389II DYS438 DYS437 DYS19 DYS392 DYS393 DYS390 DYS385
154 10 12 11 29 10 14 15 13 15 24 14,16
90 10 12 12 28 11 15 14 14 12 24 13,17
81 10 12 11 28 10 14 15 13 15 24 14,16
76 10 14 11 31 11 14 15 13 14 24 14,18
75 10 12 11 30 11 15 14 11 13 24 15,15
69 10 12 14 28 11 15 14 14 12 25 13,17
69 10 13 11 31 10 14 15 11 15 23 11,11
54 10 12 13 28 11 15 14 14 12 25 13,17
46 10 12 11 30 11 15 14 11 13 24 15,16
38 10 14 11 32 11 14 15 13 14 24 13,17
Count DYS456 DYS389I DYS390 DYS389II DYS458 DYS19 DYS385 DYS393 DYS391 DYS439 DYS635 DYS392 YGATAH4 DYS437 DYS438 DYS448
57 14 12 24 30 16 14 15,15 13 10 11 19 11 12 15 11 19
56 14 12 24 29 18 15 14,16 15 10 11 23 13 10 14 10 18
45 15 14 24 31 16 15 14,18 14 10 11 20 13 10 14 11 18
44 15 13 23 31 15 15 11,11 15 10 11 22 11 11 14 10 21
38 15 14 24 32 16 15 13,17 14 10 11 20 13 10 14 11 18
33 15 13 24 28 15 15 15,21 15 11 12 21 14 11 14 9 18
31 14 12 24 30 16 14 15,16 13 10 11 19 11 12 15 11 19
30 15 12 24 28 18 15 14,16 15 10 11 23 13 10 14 10 18
29 15 12 24 29 18 15 14,16 15 10 11 23 13 10 14 10 18
29 15 12 25 28 18 14 13,17 12 10 14 20 14 12 15 11 20
Count DYS576 DYS389I DYS448 DYS389II DYS19 DYS391 DYS481 DYS549 DYS533 DYS438 DYS437 DYS570 DYS635 DYS390 DYS439 DYS392 DYS643 DYS393 DYS458 DYS385 DYS456 YGATAH4
20 19 13 18 29 15 10 23 13 10 10 14 18 23 25 13 13 12 13 16 13,18 15 11
20 19 14 18 32 15 10 23 12 10 11 14 16 20 24 11 13 12 14 16 13,17 15 10
19 17 13 21 31 15 10 27 12 12 10 14 15 22 23 11 11 8 15 15 11,11 15 11
13 20 14 19 31 13 9 24 12 12 12 14 20 22 24 10 14 10 14 16 15,22 15 10
12 18 13 18 29 17 11 22 12 10 10 14 16 22 24 12 13 12 14 17 13,18 15 11
11 19 13 18 29 15 10 21 12 10 10 14 17 22 24 13 13 13 14 16 15,17 15 12
9 18 12 20 28 14 10 23 13 11 11 15 17 20 26 13 14 12 12 19 13,17 15 12
9 19 12 20 26 14 10 23 13 11 11 15 17 21 25 14 14 12 12 18 13,17 15 12
8 18 13 19 29 14 10 23 13 11 11 15 17 20 25 14 14 12 13 17 13,17 15 12
8 20 12 20 28 14 9 23 14 11 11 15 17 20 25 15 15 12 12 17 13,17 15 12
Count DYS576 DYS389I DYS635 DYS389II DYS627 DYS460 DYS458 DYS19 YGATAH4 DYS448 DYS391 DYS456 DYS390 DYS438 DYS392 DYS518 DYS570 DYS437 DYS385 DYS449 DYS393 DYS439 DYS481 DYF387S1 DYS533
28 19 12 23 29 21 11 18 15 10 18 10 14 24 10 13 39 16 14 14,16 27 15 11 23 36,39 10
19 19 13 23 29 21 10 16 15 11 18 10 15 25 10 13 42 18 14 13,18 27 13 13 23 37,38 10
16 18 12 19 30 19 11 16 14 12 19 10 14 24 11 11 37 19 15 15,15 26 13 11 26 36,36 12
14 19 14 20 32 23 10 16 15 10 18 10 15 24 11 13 39 16 14 13,17 26 14 11 23 36,37 10
12 17 12 19 30 21 11 15 15 12 18 11 17 24 10 14 38 17 14 13,13 32 13 11 25 38,39 11
11 18 14 25 30 21 10 17 15 11 18 11 15 25 10 13 41 16 14 16,17 30 14 12 23 37,38 10
11 20 14 22 31 22 11 16 13 10 19 9 15 24 12 14 37.2 20 14 15,22 30 14 10 24 38,38 12
10 18 12 19 30 19 11 16 14 12 19 10 14 24 11 11 37 19 15 15,15 26 13 11 26 36,39 12
9 18 12 21 28 19 9 16 16 12 20 11 15 23 10 13 39 20 15 16,16 32 12 11 24 37,41 12
9 18 13 20 29 19 9 17 14 12 19 10 15 25 11 14 35 17 15 13,17 31 13 14 23 35,38 11
Count DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS385 DYS439 DYS438 DYS437 DYS456 DYS458 DYS635 YGATAH4 DYS448 DYS576 DYS481 DYS549 DYS533 DYS570 DYS643 DYS627 DYS460 DYS518 DYS449 DYF387S1
18 15 13 29 25 10 13 13 13,18 13 10 14 15 16 23 11 18 19 23 13 10 18 12 21 10 42 27 37,38
11 13 14 31 24 9 14 14 15,22 10 12 14 15 16 22 10 19 20 24 12 12 20 10 22 11 37.2 30 38,38
9 15 14 32 24 10 13 14 13,17 11 11 14 15 16 20 10 18 19 23 12 10 16 12 22 10 39 26 36,37
7 14 12 28 25 9 15 12 13,17 15 11 15 15 17 20 12 20 20 23 14 11 17 12 18 9 35 33 35,38
7 14 13 29 25 10 14 13 13,17 14 11 15 15 17 20 12 19 18 23 13 11 17 12 19 9 35 31 35,38
7 15 12 28 23 10 14 13 14,15 11 10 15 17 17 21 12 16 17 26 13 11 18 11 20 10 37 31 38,39
7 15 13 29 24 10 13 14 15,17 13 10 14 15 16 22 12 18 19 21 12 10 17 13 22 11 41 29 37,40
7 15 14 32 24 10 13 14 13,17 11 11 14 15 16 20 10 18 19 23 12 10 16 12 23 10 39 26 36,37
6 14 12 26 25 10 14 12 13,17 14 11 15 15 18 21 12 20 19 23 13 11 17 12 18 9 35 33 35,38
6 14 12 28 25 10 14 12 13,17 14 11 15 15 18 20 12 20 20 23 12 11 17 12 18 10 35 33 35,38

Discrete-Laplace frequency estimation (Minimal)

Release
R69
Loci included
DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II*, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393
Central haplotypes
62
EM converged
true
EM iterations
55
GLM method
internal_coef
Init method
pam
Threshold frequency
1 in 178,664
Per locus details
DL centers distribution (download PDF)
Table of haplotype centers (click to show/hide)
DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II* DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393
1 14 12 16 25 10 14 12
2 14 12 17 24 10 11 13
3 15 12 18 24 10 14 13
4 14 12 16 23 10 14 12
5 14 12 16 24 10 14 12
6 15 12 16 24 11 15 13
7 15 12 18 23 10 14 13
8 14 12 18 24 10 11 13
9 15 13 17 25 11 13 13
10 15 12 16 21 10 11 12
11 15 13 18 23 10 11 15
12 15 12 16 25 10 13 12
13 15 13 16 22 10 13 12
14 15 12 16 23 10 12 12
15 15 12 17 24 10 13 14
16 15 12 18 23 10 13 12
17 15 14 16 24 10 12 12
18 15 13 16 25 10 13 14
19 15 14 17 25 11 11 13
20 16 13 18 24 11 13 14
21 16 13 17 25 10 13 14
22 15 14 17 24 10 13 14
23 13 14 16 24 9 14 14
24 16 12 16 23 10 14 13
25 17 11 16 24 10 13 12
26 16 13 17 23 10 13 12
27 15 12 17 23 10 12 12
28 16 13 17 24 11 13 14
29 17 13 16 24 11 13 14
30 15 14 16 25 11 13 14
31 15 13 16 24 11 13 14
32 15 12 16 24 10 14 12
33 16 13 16 23 10 11 14
34 17 12 16 24 10 13 12
35 15 13 16 24 10 13 14
36 13 14 16 24 6 14 14
37 16 13 16 24 11 13 14
38 16 12 16 24 10 13 12
39 16 12 16 25 10 13 12
40 17 13 16 25 10 13 12
41 15 13 16 24 10 13 13
42 15 12 16 24 10 13 15
43 14 12 15 24 10 14 12
44 15 12 16 23 10 14 13
45 15 13 16 25 10 13 13
46 15 12 17 23 10 14 13
47 13 12 16 25 10 13 13
48 14 13 15 23 10 14 13
49 16 12 16 23 11 13 12
50 17 13 17 24 10 13 13
51 14 14 17 22 10 14 14
52 14 14 16 22 10 14 13
53 14 13 16 23 10 14 13
54 15 14 16 23 10 11 15
55 15 14 18 24 10 13 14
56 16 14 16 23 10 13 14
57 16 14 16 24 10 14 12
58 14 14 17 23 11 14 13
59 15 13 16 25 11 13 14
60 15 12 17 23 11 14 13
61 15 13 15 24 11 14 15
62 15 12 17 24 10 13 15

Discrete-Laplace frequency estimation (Y17)

Release
R69
Loci included
DYS19, DYS389I, DYS389II*, DYS390, DYS391, DYS392, DYS393, DYS437, DYS438, DYS439, DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, YGATAH4
Central haplotypes
40
EM converged
true
EM iterations
42
GLM method
internal_coef
Init method
pam
Threshold frequency
1 in 115,577,581
Per locus details
DL centers distribution (download PDF)
Table of haplotype centers (click to show/hide)
DYS19 DYS389I DYS389II* DYS390 DYS391 DYS392 DYS393 DYS437 DYS438 DYS439 DYS448 DYS456 DYS458 DYS635 YGATAH4
1 16 13 16 24 11 13 14 14 10 11 18 15 19 22 11
2 16 13 17 24 11 13 14 14 10 12 18 15 17 22 11
3 17 13 17 24 11 13 14 14 10 11 17 15 17 22 11
4 15 12 16 23 10 14 13 14 10 11 18 15 15 20 12
5 15 13 16 25 10 13 14 14 10 12 18 15 16 22 11
6 15 13 16 24 11 13 14 14 10 12 18 15 16 21 11
7 17 12 16 24 10 13 12 15 10 11 20 15 19 23 12
8 14 12 18 24 10 11 13 15 11 11 19 14 16 19 12
9 15 13 16 25 10 13 13 14 10 13 18 15 16 23 11
10 15 12 16 23 10 12 12 15 10 12 19 15 18 20 12
11 15 13 18 23 10 11 15 14 10 11 21 15 15 22 11
12 15 13 16 24 10 13 14 14 10 11 18 15 17 23 10
13 13 14 16 24 9 14 14 14 12 11 19 16 16 22 10
14 16 12 16 23 10 14 13 15 10 11 16 17 18 21 12
15 15 14 17 25 11 11 13 14 10 12 21 15 16 22 12
16 15 14 16 24 10 13 14 14 10 11 18 15 15 21 12
17 16 12 16 23 10 13 12 15 10 11 20 15 17 21 12
18 14 12 16 25 10 14 12 15 11 14 20 15 18 20 12
19 16 12 16 24 10 13 12 15 10 12 22 15 17 21 12
20 14 12 16 24 10 14 12 15 11 12 20 15 20 20 12
21 15 12 17 23 10 14 13 14 10 12 18 15 15 21 12
22 15 13 16 24 11 13 14 14 10 12 18 15 18 24 11
23 14 13 16 23 10 14 13 14 10 12 18 15 16 19 12
24 14 12 16 24 10 14 12 15 11 12 20 15 18 20 12
25 16 13 17 25 11 13 13 14 10 12 18 15 18 22 11
26 15 13 16 22 10 13 12 14 10 12 19 16 17 21 11
27 16 12 16 25 10 13 12 14 10 12 19 14 17 21 12
28 15 14 17 24 10 13 14 14 11 11 18 15 16 20 10
29 14 12 16 23 10 14 12 14 11 11 20 15 17 20 12
30 15 13 16 24 10 13 12 15 10 12 19 15 18 21 11
31 15 12 17 23 10 12 12 15 10 13 19 15 18 19 12
32 15 12 17 24 10 13 15 14 10 11 18 15 18 23 10
33 15 12 18 23 10 13 12 14 10 11 19 15 18 21 11
34 16 14 16 24 10 14 12 15 10 12 20 16 18 20 12
35 14 14 17 23 11 14 13 14 11 11 19 15 15 24 12
36 15 13 16 23 10 11 15 14 10 11 21 15 16 21 11
37 15 12 17 23 11 14 13 14 10 11 18 17 15 19 12
38 17 13 16 25 10 13 12 14 10 11 18 15 20 22 12
39 15 12 16 21 10 11 12 14 10 11 20 15 18 24 11
40 15 13 15 24 11 14 15 14 9 12 18 15 15 21 11

* Please note that DYS389I was substracted from DYS389II

Population studies

  • Bhoopat T., Hohoff C. and Steger HF. (2003), 'Identification of DYS385 allele variants by using shorter amplicons and Northern Thai haplotype data.', J Forensic Sci 48(5):1108-12 [PubMed]
  • Kim YJ., Shin DJ., Kim JM., Jin HJ., Kwak KD., Han MS., Choi SK. and Kim W. (2001), 'Y-chromosome STR haplotype profiling in the Korean population.', Forensic Sci Int 115(3):231-7 [PubMed]
  • Siriboonpiputtana T., Jomsawat U., Rinthachai T., Thanakitgosate J., Shotivaranon J., Limsuwanachot N., Polyorat P. and Rerkamnuaychoke B. (2010), 'Y-chromosomal STR haplotypes in Central Thai population.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 4(3):e71-2 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Wang F., Song F., Song M., Luo H. and Hou Y. (2022), 'Genetic structure and paternal admixture of the modern Chinese Zhuang population based on 37 Y-STRs and 233 Y-SNPs', Forensic Science International Genetics 58:102681 [Link]
  • Guo F., Li J., Chen K., Tang R. and Zhou L. (2017), ' Population genetic data for 27 Y-STR loci in the Zhuang ethnic minority from Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the south of China', Forensic Science International: Genetics 27:182-3 [DOI]
  • Purps J., Siegert S., Willuweit S., Nagy M., Alves C., Salazar R., Angustia SM., Santos LH., Anslinger K., Bayer B., Ayub Q., Wei W., Xue Y., Tyler-Smith C., Bafalluy MB., Martínez-Jarreta B., Egyed B., Balitzki B., Tschumi S., Ballard D., Court DS., Barrantes X., Bäßler G., Wiest T., Berger B., Niederstätter H., Parson W., Davis C., Budowle B., Burri H., Borer U., Koller C., Carvalho EF., Domingues PM., Chamoun WT., Coble MD., Hill CR., Corach D., Caputo M., D'Amato ME., Davison S., Decorte R., Larmuseau MH., Ottoni C., Rickards O., Lu D., Jiang C., Dobosz T., Jonkisz A., Frank WE., Furac I., Gehrig C., Castella V., Grskovic B., Haas C., Wobst J., Hadzic G., Drobnic K., Honda K., Hou Y., Zhou D., Li Y., Hu S., Chen S., Immel UD., Lessig R., Jakovski Z., Ilievska T., Klann AE., García CC., Knijff D., Kraaijenbrink T., Kondili A., Miniati P., Vouropoulou M., Kovacevic L., Marjanovic D., Lindner I., Mansour I., Al-Azem M., Andari AE., Marino M., Furfuro S., Locarno L., Martín P., Luque GM., Alonso A., Miranda LS., Moreira H., Mizuno N., Iwashima Y., Neto RS., Nogueira TL., Silva R., Nastainczyk-Wulf M., Edelmann J., Kohl M., Nie S., Wang X., Cheng B., Núñez C., Pancorbo MM., Olofsson JK., Morling N., Onofri V., Tagliabracci A., Pamjav H., Volgyi A., Barany G., Pawlowski R., Maciejewska A., Pelotti S., Pepinski W., Abreu-Glowacka M., Phillips C., Cárdenas J., Rey-Gonzalez D., Salas A., Brisighelli F., Capelli C., Toscanini U., Piccinini A., Piglionica M., Baldassarra SL., Ploski R., Konarzewska M., Jastrzebska E., Robino C., Sajantila A., Palo JU., Guevara E., Salvador J., Ungria MC., Rodriguez JJ., Schmidt U., Schlauderer N., Saukko P., Schneider PM., Sirker M., Shin KJ., Oh YN., Skitsa I., Ampati A., Smith TG., Calvit LS., Stenzl V., Capal T., Tillmar A., Nilsson H., Turrina S., Leo D., Verzeletti A., Cortellini V., Wetton JH., Gwynne GM., Jobling MA., Whittle MR., Sumita DR., Wolańska-Nowak P., Yong RY., Krawczak M., Nothnagel M. and Roewer L. (2014), 'A global analysis of Y-chromosomal haplotype diversity for 23 STR loci.', Forensic Sci Int Genet 12:12-23 [PubMed] [DOI]
  • Xu H., Wang CC., Shrestha R., Wang LX., Zhang M., He Y., Kidd JR., Kidd KK., Jin L. and Li H. (2015), 'Inferring population structure and demographic history using Y‐STR data from worldwide populations', Mol Genet Genomics 290(1):141-50 [DOI]
  • Shu L., Li L., Yu G., Yu B., Liu Y., Li S., Jin L. and Yan S. (2015), 'Genetic analysis of 17 Y-STR loci in Han, Dong, Miao and Tujia populations from Hunan province, central-southern China', For Sci Int Genet 19:250-1 [DOI]
  • Feng R., Zhao Y., Chen S., Li Q., Fu Y., Zhao L., Zhou Y., Zhang L., Mei X., Shi M. and Yin J. (2020), 'Genetic analysis of 50 Y-STR loci in Dong, Miao, Tujia, and Yao populations from Hunan', Int J Legal Med 134:981–983 [DOI]
  • Kampuansai J., Kutanan W., Dudás E., Vágó-Zalán A., Galambos A. and Pamjav H. (2020), 'Paternal genetic history of the Yong population in northern Thailand revealed by Y-chromosomal haplotypes and haplogroups', Molecular Genetics and Genomics 295:279-289 [DOI]
  • Ji J., Ren Z., Zhang H., Wang Q. and Wang J. (2017), 'Genetic profile of 23 Y chromosomal STR loci in Guizhou Shui population, southwest China', Forensic Science International: Genetics 28:e16-e17 [DOI]
  • Chen P., Han Y., He G., Luo H., Gao T., Song F., Wan D., Yu J. and Hou Y. (2018), 'Genetic diversity and phylogenetic study of the Chinese Gelao ethnic minority via 23 Y-STR loci', Int J Legal Med 132(4):1093-1096 [DOI]
  • Liu Y., Wang C., Zhou W., Li X., Shi M., Bai R. and Ma S. (2019), 'Haplotypes of 27 Y-STRs analyzed in Gelao and Miao ethnic minorities from Guizhou Province, Southwest China', For Sci Int Genet 40:e264-7 [DOI]
  • Chen P., He G., Zou X., Zhang X., Li J., Wang Z., Gao H., Luo L., Zhang Z., Yu J. and Han Y. (2018), 'Genetic diversities and phylogenetic analyses of three Chinese main ethnic groups in southwest China: A Y-Chromosomal STR study', Scientific Reports 8(1):15339 [DOI]
  • Li L., Xu Y., Luis JR., Alfonso-Sanchez MA., Zeng Z., Garcia-Bertrand R. and Herrera RJ. (2019), 'Cebú, Thailand and Taiwanese aboriginal populations according to Y-STR loci', Gene 1:100001 [DOI]
  • Fan H., Wang X., Chen H., Zhang X., Huang P., Long R., Liang A., Song T. and Deng J. (2018), 'Population analysis of 27 Y-chromosomal STRs in the Li ethnic minority from Hainan province, southernmost China', Forensic Science International Genetics 34:e20-22 [Link] [DOI]
  • Song M., Wang Z., Zhang Y., Zhao C., Lang M., Xie M., Qian X., Wang M. and Hou Y. (2019), 'Forensic characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of both Y-STR and Y-SNP in the Li and Han ethnic groups from Hainan Island of China', For Sci Int Genet 39:e14-e20 [DOI]
  • Fan H., Wang X., Chen H., Long R., Liang A., Li W., Chen J., Wang W., Qu Y., Song T., Zhang P. and Deng J. (2018), 'The evaluation of forensic characteristics and the phylogenetic analysis of the Ong Be language-speaking population based on Y-STR', For Sci Int Genet 37:e6-e11 [DOI]
  • Luo Y., Wu Y., Qian E., Wang Q., Wang Q., Zhang H., Wang X., Zhang H., Yang M., Ji J., Ren Z., Zhang Y., Tang J. and Huang J. (2019), 'Population genetic analysis of 36 Ychromosomal STRs yields comprehensive insights into the forensic features and phylogenetic relationship of Chinese Tai-Kadai-speaking Bouyei', PLoS ONE 14(11):e0224601 [DOI]
  • Tran LH., Chu PTM., Nguyen TH., La HV., Nguyen HTH., Tran HT., Nguyen HM., Hoang H. and Chu HH. (2022), 'Genetic structure and population connection of two Bouyei populations in northern Vietnam based on short tandem repeat analysis', American Journal of Human Biology 34:e23702 [DOI]

Personal communications

YA005231, YA005913, YA005065, YA004764
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